sodium thiosulfate EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Hygroscopic. Potential Health Effects Eye: May cause eye irritation and possible burns. Skin: May cause skin irritation. Ingestion: Ingestion of large amounts may cause gastrointestinal irritation. Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Chronic: Not available. **** SECTION 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES **** Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Skin: Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Ingestion: If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Get medical aid. Inhalation: Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid if cough or other symptoms appear. Notes to Physician: **** SECTION 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES **** General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Dusts at sufficient concentrations can form explosive mixtures with air. Combustion generates toxic fumes. Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. **** SECTION 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES **** General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. **** SECTION 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE **** Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Keep away from strong acids. **** SECTION 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION **** Engineering Controls: Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to minimize contact with skin. Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary. **** SECTION 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES **** Physical State: Solid Appearance: white Odor: odorless pH: 6.5-8 (solution) Vapor Pressure: Negligible. Vapor Density: Not applicable. Evaporation Rate: negligible Viscosity: Not available. Boiling Point: Not available. Freezing/Melting Point: 43 deg C Autoignition Temperature: Not available. Flash Point: Not available. Explosion Limits, lower: Not available. Explosion Limits, upper: Not available. Decomposition Temperature: Not available. Solubility: Soluble in water. Specific Gravity/Density: 1.667 Molecular Formula: Na2O3S2 Molecular Weight: 158.0978 **** SECTION 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY **** Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Conditions to Avoid: High temperatures, incompatible materials, moisture. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Sodium nitrite, strong acids, strong oxidizers, water reactive materials. Deliquescent in moist air. Efflorescent in warm dry air. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Oxides of sulfur, hydrogen sulfide, sodium oxide. Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported. sulfur EMERGENCY OVERVIEW Irritating to eyes. Potential Health Effects Eye: Causes eye irritation. Effects may be delayed. May cause lacrimation (tearing), blurred vision, and photophobia. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage. Skin: May cause skin irritation and possible burns. Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Inhalation: May cause irritation of the respiratory tract with burning pain in the nose and throat, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and pulmonary edema. Olfactory fatigue may occur. Can produce delayed pulmonary edema. Chronic: Chronic inhalation may cause effects similar to those of acute inhalation. Effects may be delayed. **** SECTION 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES **** Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid. Skin: Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists. Wash clothing before reuse. Ingestion: Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Get medical aid if irritation or symptoms occur. Inhalation: Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid if cough or other symptoms appear. Notes to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively. **** SECTION 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES **** General Information: Evacuate area and fight fire from a safe distance. As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Dust can be an explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. This material in sufficient quantity and reduced particle size is capable of creating a dust explosion. Flammable solid. May burn rapidly with flare burning effect. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Extinguishing Media: Water spray may cause frothing. For large fires, use water spray, fog or regular foam. Contact professional fire-fighters immediately. For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, sand, earth, water spray or regular foam. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. **** SECTION 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES **** General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Scoop up with a nonsparking tool, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Remove all sources of ignition. Provide ventilation. **** SECTION 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE **** Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. May form flammable dust-air mixtures. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Use with adequate ventilation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames. Storage: Keep away from heat, sparks, and flame. Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. **** SECTION 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION **** Engineering Controls: Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate general or local explosion-proof ventilation to keep airborne levels to acceptable levels. Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Respirators: A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR :1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant a respirator's use. **** SECTION 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES **** Physical State: Solid Appearance: yellow Odor: rotten egg-like pH: Not available. Vapor Pressure: Not available. Vapor Density: Not available. Evaporation Rate: Not available. Viscosity: Not available. Boiling Point: 445 deg C Freezing/Melting Point: 113 deg C Autoignition Temperature: 450 deg F ( 232.22 deg C) Flash Point: 405 deg F ( 207.22 deg C) Explosion Limits, lower: 3.3% Explosion Limits, upper: 46.0% Decomposition Temperature: Not applicable. Solubility: Insoluble in water. Specific Gravity/Density: 2.07 Molecular Formula: S Molecular Weight: 32.06 **** SECTION 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY **** Chemical Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions. Conditions to Avoid: High temperatures, incompatible materials, ignition sources, dust generation, excess heat. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides (SOx), including sulfur oxide and sulfur dioxide. Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported. sulfur dioxide Handling and Disposal ======================================================= Spill Release Procedures: PERS INVOLVED IN CLEANING UP SPILL/STOPING LEAK SHOULD WEAR NIOSH APPRVD GAS MASKS &/OR SCBA & IMPERVIOUS PROT CLTHG. SM LEAKS MAY BE READILY LOCATED BY SPRAYING POTNTL LEAK AREA W/AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE SOLN. DENSE, WHITE FUME WILL FORM IF (IN G 17) Neutralizing Agent: NONE SPECIFIED BY MANUFACTURER. Waste Disposal Methods: ABSORBED SULFUR DIOXIDE SOLUTIONS MUST BE OXIDIZED TO INERT SULFATE SALTS BEFORE DISPOSAL, THEN DISPOSED OF IN ACCORDANCE WITH LOCAL, STATE AND FEDERAL REGULATIONS. Handling And Storage Precautions: STORE IN COOL, DRY PLACE IN PROPERLY DESIGNED PRESSURE VESSELS, AWAY FROM HEAT & PROTECTED FROM PHYSICAL DAMAGE. SEGREGATE FROM COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL. Other Precautions: ONLY TRAINED PERSONNEL USING APPROPRIATE PROTECTIVEEQUIPMENT SHOULD HANDLE SULFUR DIOXIDE. USE NIOSH ANALYTICAL METHOD 7600AND 7024. AVOID BREATHING GAS. DO NOT GET IN EYES, ON SKIN OR ON CLOTHING. ======================================================= Fire and Explosion Hazard Information ======================================================= Flash Point Text: NOT COMBUSTIBLE Lower Limits: NONE Upper Limits: NONE Extinguishing Media: NOT COMBUSTIBLE. USE APPROPRIATE EXTINGUISHING MEDIA FOR MATERIAL THAT IS SUPPLYING FUEL. Fire Fighting Procedures: NIOSH APPRVD SCBA & FULL PROT EQUIP(FPN). EVACUATE RESIDENTS WHO ARE DOWNWIND OF FIRE. PVNT UNAUTH ENTRY TO FIRE AREA. DIKE AREA TO PVNT RUNOFF & CONTAM(SUPDAT) Unusual Fire/Explosion Hazard: KEEP FIRE-EXPOS CNTNRS COOL W/WATER SPRAY. A FIRE MAY WARM CONTENTS CAUSING A RISE IN VAP PRESS & POSS CNTNR RUPTURE. DO NOT APPLY WATER DIRECTLY TO ======================================================= Control Measures ======================================================= Respiratory Protection: USE NIOSH APPROVED FULL-FACE RESPIRATOR WITH ACID GAS CARTRIDGE. USE NIOSH APPROVED POSITIVE PRESSURE SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS FOR EMERGENCY OR OTHER CONDITIONS REQUIRING A HIGHER LEVEL OF PROTECTION. Ventilation: USE LOCAL EXHAUST AS NEEDED TO MAINTAIN AIRBORNE EXPOSURE BELOW EXPOSURE LIMITS. Protective Gloves: CHEMICAL-RESISTENT, INSULATED GLOVES. Eye Protection: ANSI APPRVD CHEM WORKERS GOGGS Other Protective Equipment: ANSI APPRVD EYE WASH & DELUGE SHOWER (FP N). FULL-BODY PROT CLTHG, BOOTS. INSULATED GLOVES IF LIQ CNTCT IS ANTICIPATED. Work Hygienic Practices: HAVE OXYGEN READILY AVAILABLE. Supplemental Safety and Health: VP: 2475 @ 20C (47.8 PSIG). FIRE FIGHT PROC: OF WATER SOURCES. PERS WHO MAY HAVE BEEN EXPOS TO CONTAMD SMOKE SHOULD BE IMMED RELIEVED FROM DUTY & CHECKED FOR SYMPS OF POISON. THESE SHOULD NOT BE MISTAKEN FOR HEAT EXHAUSTION/SMOKE INHAL. SEE SECTION ON HLTH HAZ DATA FOR SYMPS OF POISONING, FIRST AID PROC & NOTES TO MD. ======================================================= Physical/Chemical Properties ======================================================= B.P. Text: 14F,-10C M.P/F.P Text: -104F,-76C Vapor Pres: SUPDAT Vapor Density: 2.26 Spec Gravity: 1.36 Solubility in Water: 11G/100G WATER Appearance and Odor: COLORLESS GAS OR LIQUID/SUFFOCATING, PUNGENT ODOR. ======================================================= Reactivity Data ======================================================= Stability Indicator: YES Stability Condition To Avoid: ELEVATED TEMPERATURES CAN CAUSE CONTAINERS TO BURST. Materials To Avoid: AS LIQ REACTS VIOLENTLY W/ALKALI, OXIDIZING AGENTS, PWDRD POTASSIUM & SODIUM METALS. REACTS W/H*2O & STEAM; FORMS Hazardous Decomposition Products: NONE. Hazardous Polymerization Indicator: NO Conditions To Avoid Polymerization: NOT RELEVANT. =======================================================